A serious condition
This condition became recognized as a specific syndrome in this breed about 15-years ago, but it is often not diagnosed until too late in the course of the disease.
It is probably the most common cause of blindness in Golden Retrievers. It is important for owners of Goldens to know the early signs because the stages are subtle and may not be detected during a routine check-up.
• Stage One
Slow, progressive darkening of the iris. Most Golden Retrievers have chestnut or golden brown irises. The disease starts as a slow freckling or darkening of the color.
Sometimes, the eyes become slightly 'bloodshot' or 'veiny'.
• Stage Two
At this stage, the eyes are bloodshot. The irises are dark, and the pupil margin becomes rounded as the edge of it becomes coated with fibrous tissue and starts to contract.
The edge loses its normal ruffled appearance and becomes smooth. Often, there is a faint haze on the surface of the lens, in the pupil.
• Stage Three
Pigment cells start to leave the iris and attach to the lens. The iris starts to adhere to the lens, which causes the papillary light response (the decrease in size of the pupil when a light is shined in it) to decrease.
Often there is a fluffy gray substance called fibrin on the surface of the lens.
• Stage Four
The progressive damage causes glaucoma, which results in rapid blindness, often over a period of only a day or two. The blindness is often irreversible.
If the cases are caught in stages one or two, and appropriate treatment is begun and carried out faithfully, most dogs can be prevented from going blind.
The treatment consists of anti-inflammatory eye drops of either or both:
• corticosteroids
• nonsteroidal
These will need to be used for the rest of the dog's life because the disease cannot be cured.